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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE): The Hidden Cost of Repeated Concussions
In recent years, the sports world has been grappling with the long-term consequences of repeated head injuries. A poignant example is the case of Hockey Hall of Famer Bobby Hull, whose posthumous diagnosis of stage 2 Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) has reignited discussions about the risks athletes face.
Understanding CTE
CTE is a progressive degenerative brain disease found in individuals with a history of repetitive brain trauma, including concussions and subconcussive hits. This trauma triggers the accumulation of an abnormal protein called tau, which spreads throughout the brain, killing brain cells. Over time, individuals may experience memory loss, impaired judgment, aggression, depression, and, in advanced cases, dementia. Studies have shown that the risk of developing CTE increases with repeated head impacts, making it a critical concern for contact sports athletes.
Bobby Hull's Legacy
Bobby Hull, known as "The Golden Jet" for his remarkable speed and blonde hair, had an illustrious 23-year professional hockey career, including 15 seasons with the Chicago Blackhawks. He secured a Stanley Cup, two Hart Memorial Trophies, and three Art Ross Trophies, leading the NHL in goals scored seven times. However, the physical nature of hockey during his era meant frequent exposure to head impacts.
In the last decade of his life, Hull experienced cognitive challenges such as short-term memory loss and impaired judgment. Aware of the potential link between his symptoms and his hockey career, Hull decided to donate his brain to the UNITE Brain Bank at the Boston University CTE Center upon his passing in 2023. Researchers there confirmed he had stage 2 CTE. His widow, Deborah Hull, stated, "Seeing the pain and heartache suffered by his lifetime friend Stan Mikita's family, Bobby felt strongly no other family should have to endure CTE." (concussionfoundation.org)
The Role of Neuro-Vision Therapy and the CogniViiSION Method in Mitigating CTE Risks
Neuro-vision therapy, also known as sports vision therapy, involves exercises and techniques designed to enhance visual and sensory skills such as eye-hand coordination, reaction time, and peripheral awareness. By optimizing these visual functions, athletes can experience improved performance and a reduced risk of injuries.
Enhanced visual processing enables athletes to better anticipate and react to on-field events, potentially minimizing the likelihood of collisions and accidents that could lead to concussions. Improved depth perception and peripheral vision allow for more accurate spatial judgments, aiding in the avoidance of dangerous situations. As noted by the Family Vision Development Center, "Athletes who improve their peripheral awareness, depth perception, and reaction times are better equipped to avoid dangerous collisions, falls, or movements that could lead to injury." (fvdcpc.com)
Ohio State University's Implementation of Neuro-Visual Rehabilitation
Recognizing the importance of visual function in athletic performance and injury prevention, The Ohio State University has integrated neuro-visual rehabilitation into its athletic programs. The university's Neurological Rehabilitation program offers therapies aimed at improving various functions, including balance and cognitive skills, which are crucial for athletes recovering from or aiming to prevent injuries. The program emphasizes personalized care, stating, "Patients receive a personal evaluation that helps create an individualized care plan to meet their needs and lead toward overall improved health." (wexnermedical.osu.edu)
Additionally, Ohio State's Brain Injury Rehabilitation Program provides specialized services for those who have experienced traumatic brain injuries. The program focuses on optimizing the brain's healing through therapies that enhance mobility, strength, communication, and cognitive functions. This comprehensive approach not only aids in recovery but also equips athletes with strategies to prevent future injuries. The program highlights, "Rehabilitation is crucial to maximize the potential for recovery. Recovery may take weeks, months or may be a lifelong process." (wexnermedical.osu.edu)
References:
Concussion Foundation https://concussionfoundation.org/news/press-release/hockey-hall-of-famer-bobby-hull-cte/
Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center - Neurological Rehabilitation
https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/physical-therapy-rehabilitation/brain-injury-rehabilitation
Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center - Brain Injury Rehabilitation
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